ᐊᓪᓚᑕᖏᑦ ᐋᓐᑕᓂ ᐋᑕᒥᐅᑉ
ᐋᓐᑕᓂ ᐃᓕᓵᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐅᕙᓂ ᑖᒃᑯᓂᖓᓗ ᐊᑐᐊᕋᑦᓴᓕᐅᕐᓯᒪᑦᓱᓂ ᐃᓕᓴᕐᑕᒥᑕ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᖏᓐᓂᐅᒃ “ᐱᒐᓱᐊᒻᒪᕆᓐᓇᑑᕙᑦᑐᑦ ᐊᓯᑦᔨᓯᒪᓂᕐᓗ” ᐱᔭᕇᕈᓯᓛᕐᑐᑦ ᐳᕐᑐᓂᓕᒻᒥᒃ 12-ᒥᒃ ᐊᑐᐊᒐᓕᐅᕐᓯᒪᒋᐊᖃᕐᓂᒪᑕ. ᐅᐱᒋᔭᐅᕗᑎᑦ, ᐋᓐᑕᓃ, ᓯᕗᓪᓕᐹᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᐊᕋᑦᓴᓕᐅᕐᓯᒪᒐᕕᑦ !
ᐱᒋᐊᕐᓂᕆᓯᒪᔭᖓ
ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᑦ ᐅᕕᒐᕐᑐᐃᑦ ᓈᒻᒪᒋᔭᖃᖕᖏᓂᕐᓴᐅᓲᒍᓕᕐᖁᑦ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᓕᓐᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓕᓐᓂᒃ ᑌᑦᓱᒪᓂ ᐅᖃᑦᑕᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐱᑦᔪᑕ ᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱᐊᕈᑎᑦᓭᑦ ᓱᒃᑯᐸᓪᓕ ᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᓂᕐᓴ ᐅᓕᕐᓂᖓ. ᑕᕝᕙᓂ ᖃ ᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂ ᐅᒐᔭᕐᑐᒥ ᖁᓕ ᐅᒐᔭᕐᑐᑦ ᐊᐱᕐᓱᑕ ᐅᔪᑦ, ᐊᕝᕙᓗ ᐊᖏᑦ ᒪᓐᑐᕆ ᐊᓪᒥᑦ ᐱᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᓂᒃ ᐃᓱᒪᓯ ᐅᕐᕕᖃᕐᓗᑎᒃ. ᐊᕝᕙᓗ ᐊᖏᓪᓗ ᐱᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑲᕙᒫᐱᒃᑯᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᑰᑦᔪ ᐊᒥ ᐅᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᓱᒪᓯ ᐅᕐᕕᖃᕐᓗᑎᒃ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᑌᒣᓕᖓᖁᓯᒪᒐᒃᑯ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᓈᒻᒪᓴᖕᖏᕙᓪᓛᕈᓇ ᐅᓂᕐᐸ ᐅᔪᕆᒐᒃᑭᑦ, ᐃᒣᓕᖓᕙᓪᓗᓲᒍᒻᒪᑦ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱ ᐅᓕᓐᓂᐊᒐᖃᑦᓯ ᐊᖏᓐᓂᓴ ᐅᒻᒪᑕ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᒍᖃᑎᒥᓂᑦ.
ᐊᐱᕐᓲᑎᑦᓭᑦ
1) ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᖃᕐᓂᖅ ᑲᔪᓯᓂᖃᑦᓯ ᐊᐸ ?
2) ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᖃᕐᓂᖅ ᐱ ᐅᓯᒋ ᐊᕐᓯᒪᕙ ᖃᓂᒪᓇ ᐅᑉ ᑰᕕᑦ ᑭᖑᓂᖓᓂ ?
3) ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᖃᕐᓂᖅ ᐱ ᐅᓯᒋ ᐊᕐᓯᒪᕙ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᕐᓂ ᑕᓪᓕᒪ ᐅᓚ ᐅᕐᑐᓂ ?
4) ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓕ ᐅᖃᑦᑕᓂᖅ ᖄᖏᕐᓂᑯᓕ ᐅᕋᓱ ᐊᕐᓂᑯᑦ ᐃᓅᓯᕐᒥ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᖃᕐᓂᒥᓪᓗ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᒋ ᐊᕐᑎᓯᓯᒪᕙ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᒍᖃᑎᓐᓂᓗ ?
5) ᑲᓇᑕ ᓭᓇᒥ ᐅᓂᒃ ᐱᓇᓱᖃᑎᖃᓕ ᐅᒥᔪᑦᓴ ᐅᕙ ᐱᓇᓱᖃᑎᖃᖕᖏᓕ ᐅᒥᔪᑦᓴᐅᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ?
6) ᓴᐳᑦᔨᓯᒪᓂᕐᓴ ᐅᕕᑦ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᓕᓐᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓕᓐᓂᒃ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑲᕙᒪᒃᑯᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓕᓐᓂᒃ ?
ᓀᓈᕐᓯᒪᔪᑦ
ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱ ᐅᓕᓐᓂ ᐊᒐᖃᑦᓯ ᐊᖏᓐᓂᐸ ᐅᕗᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᒍᖃᑎᓕᒫᒥᓂᑦ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᐅ ᓕᓐᓂ ᐊᒐᖃᑦᓯ ᐊᖏᓐᓂᓴᐅ ᓂᕐᒥᓄᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅ ᒍᖃᑎᒥᓂᑦ ᐊᓯᑦᔨᓂᐅ ᒋ ᐊᖃᓕᕐᑐᓂᒃ ᓂᐸᖃᕈᑎᖃᕐᓂᓴ ᐅᓲᒍᕗᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᒍᖃᑎᒥᓂᑦ ᐃᓄᑐᐃᓐᓇ ᐅᖏᑦᑐᓂᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᓂᑦ. ᐊ ᒥᓲᓂᕐᓭᑦ ᓇ ᐅᑐᐃᓐᓇᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᑦ ᑲᕙᒪᒃᑯᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓕᓐᓂᒃ ᓈᒻᒪᓴᖕᖏᓂᕐᓴ ᐅᓲᒍᕗᑦ ᐱᑦᔪᑕ ᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᓂᕐᓴᐅᒐᓱ ᐊᕐᓂᒥᒃ ᐃᓕᕐᖁᓯᖃᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᓕᓐᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓖᑦ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᕐᓂᓗ 100ᓃᑦᑐᓂ ᓯᓚᕐᔪ ᐊᒥ ᓈᒻᒪᒋᐅᑎᖕᖏᓚᕆᑦᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᖃᖃᑎᒌᖕᖏᑐᑦ. ᓱᓕᓗ, ᐅᕕᒐᕐᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᒥᓲᓂᕐᓴᓂᒃ ᒪᓕᒋ ᐊᖔᕐᓯᒪᓂᕐᓴᓂᒃ ᑕᑯᓲᒍᓕᕐᓱᑕ ᑲᕙᒪᒃᑯᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓖᑦ ᐱᓂ ᐊᕐᓂᓕᕆᒍᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐅᓪᓗᒥ ᐅᓕᕐᑐᖅ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᓂᕐᓴ ᐅᒐᓱ ᐊᕐᓂᒥᒃ ᐃᓕᕐᖁᓯᖃᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᒪᓕᑦᑕ ᐅᖏᓐᓂᓴ ᐅᕙᓕᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᓂᕐᓴ ᐅᒐᓱ ᐊᕐᑐᑦ ᐱᑦᔪᑕ ᐅᕙᓪᓗᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᖃᕆᑕ ᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᑐᓴᕋᑦᓴᖃᕐᕖᑦ. ᐃᓱᓕ ᐅᑎᒋᑦᓱᒍ, ᓈᒻᒪᓴᓐᓂᓴ ᐅᕙᓕᕐᒪᑕ ᐅᕕᒐᕐᑐᐃᑦ ᑲᕙᒪᒃᑯᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓕᓐᓂᒃ ᓯᓚᕐᔪ ᐊᑕ ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑐᑰᕐᓂᖓᑕ ᐊᓇᕐᕋ ᐅᔪᐃᓪᓗ ᐱᑦᓯ ᐊᖏᓐᓂᓴ ᐅᓕᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓯᕗᓕᕆᓯᒪᔭᒥᑎᑑᕈᓐᓀᓱᑎᒃ.
ᑐᓴᕐᑎᓯᓕ ᐊᕕᓂᖏᑎᒍᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂ ᐊᕕᕐᔪ ᐊᒦᑦᑐᑦ Dalhousie Universityᒥ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓂᖀᑦ ᐊᑭᖏᑦ 2026ᒦᓕᕐᓱᑕ $994ᒋ ᐊᓪᓚᓄᑦ ᐊᑭᑦᑐᕆ ᐊᓛᕐᒪᑕ 2025ᒥᓂᑦ ᑕᒪᓐᓇᓗ ᐊᑦᔨᑐᐃᓐᓇᒐᓛᒍᓯᒪᑦᓱᓂ $801ᓄᑦ ᐊᑭᑦᑐᕆ ᐊᕐᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ 2025ᒥ ᐆᑦᑐᕋ ᐅᑎᖃᕐᑎᒍᑦᑎᒍ 2024ᒥ (Dalhousie). ᐊᑭᑦᑐᕆ ᐊᕐᓯᒪᔪᑦ $1795ᓄᑦ ᐊᕐᕌᒎᓐᓂ ᒪᕐᕉᓂ ᓂᖀᑦ ᐊᑭᖏᑦ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᓂᖃᑦᓯ ᐊᕈᓐᓀᓯᒪᔪᖅ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᑦ, ᓯᕗᓪᓕᐹᒥᒃ ᐳᕐᑐᓂᓕᒻᒥᒃ ᐃᓕᓴᓯᒋ ᐊᕐᓱᑎᒃ ᐅᖃ ᐅᑎᔭ ᐅᓯᒪᓲᒍᒻᒪᑕ ᓄᓇᑦᓯ ᐊᒍᓂᕐᐹᒥ ᐅᒍᓂᕋᕐᑕ ᐅᑎᓪᓗᑕᒎᖅ ᓈᒻᒪᖁ ᐊᕆᔭ ᐅᑦᓱᑎᒎᖅ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᒥ ᐅᓄᑦ ᐅᐱᒍᓱᖁᔭ ᐅᓪᓚᕆᑦᓱᑕ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᒍᓂᑦᑎᓂᒃ.
ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᐅᖃ ᐅᓰᑦ ᓱᓕᔫᔮᕋᓗ ᐊᕐᑎᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᓚᖓᑎᒍᑦ ᐊᑐ ᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᓱᒋᑦ, ᑲᓇᑕ ᓈᒻᒪᖁ ᐊᕆᔭ ᐅᖕᖏᓗᑐᕐᐳᖅ ᐃᓅᓯᒃᑯᑦᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕆ ᐊᖃᕐᓂᑯᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᖓᓂᖓ ᐅᕕᓂᒃᑯᓗ ᑕ ᐅᑦᑐᖃᑎᒌᖕᖏᑐᑎᒍᑦ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓂᒥ ᐅᑦ 2022ᑎᑭᑦᓱᒍ ᑮᓇ ᐅᑦᔭᓴᕙᓪᓗᓲᒍᕗᑦ $30,800ᒦᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᑖᒃᓰᔭᕐᑕ ᐅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ, ᑌᑰᓇᑦᓭᓇᕐᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᑦ ᑮᓇ ᐅᑦᔭᓴᕐᑎᓗᒋᑦ ᑖᒃᓰᔭᕐᑕ ᐅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ $70,000ᒦᑦᑐᓂᒃ (ᑭᑎᑦᔪᑎᓕᕆᔩᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ). ᒪᕐᕈᕕᓪᓗ ᐊᑐᑦ ᐅᖓᑖᓅᕐᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᑦᓱᐃᑑᓂᕐᓭᑦ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓂᒥ ᐅᓂᑦ, ᐊᑭᑐᔪᕐᔪ ᐊᒥ ᐅᒍᑦᓱᑎᓪᓗ ᓱᓇᓕᒫᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓂ ᐅᖓᓯᒋᔭ ᐅᔪᒥ ᐅᒍᓂᕐᒥᓄᑦ ᑎᒻᒥᔫᒃᑯᑦ ᑭᓯ ᐊᓂ ᑎᑭᑕ ᐅᓲᒍᒐᒥᒃ, ᐊᑭᑐᔫᓚᕿ ᐅᑎᒋᔭ ᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐆᑦᑐᕋ ᐅᑎᒋᒐᔭᕈᑦᑎᒍᑦ ᓯᕿᓂᑦᑎᓂ ᐊᑭᒋᔭ ᐅᔪᓄᑦ.
ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᑕᑕᒥᓐᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᑐᖅ ᑮᓇ ᐅᑦᔭᓴ ᐅᑏᑦ ᓈᒻᒪᖁ ᐊᕇᖕᖏᓂᖓ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᓪᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᓪᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓂᒥ ᐅᑦ ᑐᑭᖃᕐᐳᖅ ᐊᑦᔨᒌᖕᖏᓚᕆᓐᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᐱ ᐅᓕᓐᓂ ᐊᒐᖃᕐᓂ ᐅᑉ. Marxismᓚᔭ ᐅᔪᖅ ᑐᑭᖃᕐᒪᑦ “ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓕ ᐅᕐᓯᒪᓂᖅ ᐱ ᐅᓕᓐᓂ ᐊᒐᒐᓴᖃᕐᓂᓗ ᓄᑭᖃᕈᑕ ᐅᓲᒍᒻᒪᑦ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᑦᑎᒍᑦ ᑐᖕᖓᕕ ᐅᓯᑦᓱᓂᓗ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᓐᓂᓄᑦ” (Marx, 16). Marx ᐅᖃᕐᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᓈᒻᒪᖁ ᐊᕇᖕᖏᓂᖅ ᐹᕐᓯᖓᒍᑎ ᐅᓲᒍᕗᖅ ᓵᓚᕐᖄᖃᕋᓱ ᐊᕐᑐᓄᑦ ᓵᓚᕐᖄᕆᔭ ᐅᔪᓄᓪᓗ ᐱᑦᓴᑖᕐᕕᓴᖃᑦᓯ ᐊᑎᓐᓇᒍ, ᐱᓗ ᐊᕐᑐᖅ ᓈᒻᒪᖁ ᐊᕇᖕᖏᓂᖃᕐᐸᓕ ᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᑎᓪᓗᒍ.
ᓇᓪᓕ ᐊᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ Marx ᐅᑉᐱᕆᔭᖃᕋᓗ ᐊᕐᐸᑦ, ᖃ ᐅᔨᒪᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᖁᖅ ᐱᓇᓱ ᐊᕐᑕᖏᑦ ᓱᕐᕃᓯᒪᒋ ᐊᖏᑦᑕ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ; ᑕᓪᓕᒪ ᐅᓯᒪᒻᒪᑕ ᖃ ᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂ ᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓂ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᐊᑐ ᐊᕋᑦᓴᓕ ᐊᕆᔭ ᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᐃᓘᓐᓇᑎᒃ ᑕᓪᓕᒪᑦ ᑲᕙᒪᒃᑯᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓕᓐᓂᒃ ᓈᒻᒪᓴᓐᓂᓴ ᐅᓐᓂᖁᑦ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᓄᑦ ᑌᒣᓕᖓᒍᓇ ᐅᔪᕆᔭ ᐅᒐᓂ; ᑕᓪᓕᒪᐅᓐᓂᒪᑕ ᐊᐱᕐᓱᑕᕕᓃᑦ, ᐱᖓᓱᐃᓐᓀᑦ ᑲᕙᒪᒃᑯᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓕᓐᓂᒃ ᓈᒻᒪᓴᓐᓂᓴ ᐅᓂᕋᕐᓂᖁᑦ. ᓇᓪᓕᖏᑦ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᑦ ᓈᒻᒪᖁ ᐊᕇᑦᑎᑕ ᐅᖕᖏᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᑉᐱᓂ ᐊᕈᑎᖃᕐᐸᑕ ᑕᒐ ᐊᓯᑦᔨᑐᐃᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂᒥᒃ ᐱᓂ ᐊᕐᓂᖃᕋᓱ ᐊᕐᓂᓴ ᐅᓕᕋᔭᕐᖁᑦ. ᐅᖃ ᐅᓰᑦ ᖃ ᐅᔨᓴᕈᑎᕕᓂᖏᓐᓃᑐᑦ ᐅᑯᐊ Abbink, Masclet, and Merton ᕐᓂ ᓈᒻᒪᖁ ᐊᕇᑦᑎᑕ ᐅᖕᖏᓂᖅ ᐱᓪᓗᒍ ᑲᕙᒪᒃᑯᓂᒃ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᑦ ᑲᑐᑦᔨᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᑭᕋᕐᑐᖃᑎᒌᑦᑎᓗᒋᑦ (Challenge and Change. 197). ᖃ ᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᕕᓂᖓ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᓱᕐᖁᐃᓯᒍᑕ ᐅᓯᒪᒻᒪᑦ ᓇ ᐅᑐᐃᓐᓀᑦ ᓈᒻᒪᖁ ᐊᕆᔭ ᐅᑎᑕ ᐅᖕᖏᐸᑕ, ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᑦ ᑲᑐᑦᔨᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᑭᕋᕐᑐᖃᑎᒌᓕᕈᓐᓇᒪᑕ ᒥᑭᓪᓕᑎᕆᓂ ᐊᕐᓗᑎᓪᓗ ᓈᒻᒪᖁ ᐊᕇᑦᑎᓯᒐᓱ ᐊᖕᖏᑐᓂᒃ, ᑕᒪᓐᓇᓗ ᑎᑭ ᐅᑎᒍᑕᐅᒍᓐᓇᓱᓂ Marxian class politicsᓚᔭ ᐅᔪᓄᑦ.
ᑌᓐᓇ ᐃᑖᓕ ᐊᒍᑦᓱᓂ Marxist Antonio Gramsci ᓈᒻᒪᓴᖕᖏᕙᓪᓛᑎ ᐅᓲᖅ ᐊᑦᓱᐃᑐᒻᒪᕇᑦ ᐱᓇᓱᒐᖃᕐᕕᒥᓂᒃ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᓖᑦ ᐹᕐᓯᖓ ᐅᑎᖃᑎᖃᕐᓂᕆᓲᖓᓂᒃ ᐱᓇᓱᑦᑎᑕᖏᑦᑕᓗ ᐅᖃ ᐅᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᓄᐃᑦᓯᖄᕐᓯᒪᔪᖅ “ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᓂᕐᓴ ᐅᒐᓱᐊᕈᓐᓇᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᖄᖏᕐᓂᑯᓕ ᐅᕋᓱ ᐊᕐᑎᓄᑦ” ᑐᑭᖃᕐᑐᒥᒃ ᐱᓇᓱᒐᖃᕐᕕᓖᑦ ᐊᑦᓱᐃᑐᕈᕐᓯᒪᑦᓱᑎᒃ ᐊᑐᓲᒍᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᓕᓴᕐᕕᓂᒃ, ᐅᑉᐱᓂᓕᕆᕕᓐᓂᒃ, ᑐᓴᕋᑦᓴᖃᕐᕕᓂᓪᓗ ᐊᓯᑦᔨᑐᐃᒐᓱ ᐊᕐᓱᑎᒃ ᐃᓱᒻᒪᓯᕆᔭ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐱᓇᓱᑦᑎᒋᔭᐅ ᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᖕᖔᓂᕐᓴᐅ ᖁᑦᓱᒋᑦ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᓕᓐᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅ ᓚᑕᐅ ᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇᐅ ᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓕᓐᓂᒃ (Challenge and Change. 105). ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᓂᕐᓴ ᐅᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᓐᓇᓂᖓ ᐊᑦᓱᐃᑐᒻᒪᕇᑦ ᐃᓕᕐᖁᓯᕆᔭ ᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᐅᓪᓗᒥᒧᑦ ᐊᑑᑎᔪᖅ ᓴᖕᖐᓕᕙᓪᓕ ᐊᒐᓗ ᐊᕐᓱᓂ ᑭᓇᒃᑯᑐᐃᓐᓇᓕᒫᑦ ᑐᓴᕋᑦᓴᓕ ᐅᕈᓐᓇᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᕐᖁᑎ ᐅᒍᓐᓇᓯ ᐊᓲᒍᓕᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᖃᕆᑕ ᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᑐᓴᕋᑦᓴᖃᕐᕖᑦ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᓂᕐᓴᐅᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᓐᓇᓂᖓ ᐊᑦᓱᐃᑐᒻᒪᕇᑦ ᐃᓕᕐᖁᓯᕆᔭ ᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᓴᖕᖐᓕᕙᓪᓕ ᐊᓕᕐᑎᓗᒍ, ᑌᑦᓱᒪᓂᒋ ᐊᖅ ᐃᓱᒻᒪᓯ ᐅᖃᑦᑕᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐅᓪᓗᒥ ᐃᓱᒻᒪᓯᕐᑖᕆᔭ ᐅᓯᒪᓕᕆᕗᑦ ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᑐᓴᕋᑦᓴᖃᕐᕕᑎᒍᑦ ᐆᑦᑐᕋ ᐅᑎᒋᑦᓱᒍ TikTokᑯᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪ ᐊᒥ ᐅᓕᒫᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᒥᓂᒃ ᐅᑉᐱᕆᔭᒥᓂᓪᓗ ᐊᓪᓚᒍᓐᓇᓲᒍᓕᕐᑎᓗᒋᑦ. ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᓂᕐᓴ ᐅᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᓐᓇᓂᖓᑎᒍᑦ ᐊᑦᓱᐃᑐᒻᒪᕇᑦ ᐃᓕᕐᖁᓯᕆᔭ ᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᓕᓐᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓖᑦ ᓱᕐᕃᓂᖃᕈᓐᓇᒪᑕ ᓇ ᐅᑐᐃᓐᓀᑦ ᐃᓱᒻᒪᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᑕᑯᑦᓴ ᐅᕙᑦᑐᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᓄᑦ ᐃᓚ ᐅᖃᑦᑕᑐᓄᑦ ᓴᐳᑦᔨᓯᒪᓂᕐᓴ ᐅᕙᑦᑐᓄᑦ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᓕᓐᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓕᓐᓄᑦ ᓴᐳᑦᔨᓯᒪᖕᖏᓂᕐᓴ ᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᓄᑐᐃᓐᓀᑦ. ᓴᖕᖐᓕᕙᓪᓕ ᐊᓂᖓᓗ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᓂᕐᓴᐅᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᓐᓇᓂᖓ ᐊᑦᓱᐃᑐᒻᒪᕇᑦ ᐃᓕᕐᖁᓯᕆᔭ ᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᑕᑯᑦᓴ ᐅᕙᓕᕐᓱᓂ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ ᓱᕐᕋᑕ ᐅᑦᓴ ᐅᑎᒋᑐᐃᓐᓇᓲᒍᖕᖏᑐᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᓂᕐᓴ ᐅᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᓐᓇᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᑦᓱᐃᑐᒻᒪᕇᑦ ᐃᓕᕐᖁᓯᕆᔭ ᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᓪᓕ ᐃᒻᒥᒍᑦ ᐃᓕᕐᖁᓯᖃᕐᒥᒐᒥᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᑦ ᐃᓕᕐᕐᖁᓯᑦᓴᔭᕆᖕᖏᑕᖓᓂᒃ ᓴᓪᓗᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆ ᐊᒥᓪᓗ ᐊᔪᕐᓇᓂᕐᓴ ᐅᓱᓂ ᐅᖃ ᐅᓯᕆᒐᔭᕐᓗᒍ ᓇ ᐅᑐᐃᓐᓇᒧᑦ ᑌᒫᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᓂᖅ ᐊᑦᓱᐃᑐᒻᒪᕆᓐᓄᑦ ᑲᔪᓯᑦᓯᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᑐ ᐊᐱ ᐅᓂᕋᕐᓗᒍ ᑲᓇᑕᓕᒫᒥ ᑮᓇ ᐅᑦᔭᓴ ᐅᑏᑦ ᐊᕝᕙᓗ ᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᑦᔭᓴᕐᑐᖃᕐᓗᓂ. ᓱᓕᓗ, ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᓂᕐᓴ ᐅᒐᓱ ᐊᕐᓂᖓ ᐃᓕᕐᖁᓯᕆᔭ ᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᐊᑦᓱᐃᑐᒻᒪᕇᑦ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᓕᓐᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᑎᒍᑦ ᐅᕕᒐᕐᑐᐃᑦ ᓴᐳᑦᔨᓯᒪᓂᕐᒥᓂᒃ ᑲᕙᒪᒃᑯᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓕᓐᓂᒃ ᓴᐳᑦᔨᒍᓐᓀᕈᑎᖕᖏᒪᒍ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᑦ ᑕᓪᓕᒪ ᐅᑉᐸᑕ ᐱᖓᓱᑦ ᖃ ᐅᔨᓴ ᐅᑎᓂᒃ ᑖᒃᑯᓂᖓ ᑭ ᐅᖃᑕ ᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓴᐳᑦᔨᓂᕐᓴᐅᓂᕋᕐᓯᒪᒻᒪᑕ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᓕᓐᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓕᓐᓂᒃ ᓴᐳᑦᔨᓯᒪᖕᖏᓂᕐᓴ ᐅᓂᕋᕐᓱᑎᒃ ᑲᕙᒪᒃᑯᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓖᑦ ᓴᐳᑦᔨᓯᒪᖕᖏᓂᕐᓴ ᐅᓂᕋᕐᓱᑎᒃ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᓕᓐᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓕᓐᓂᒃ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇᓗ ᖃ ᐅᔨᒪᓇᕐᓱᓂ ᖃᓄᓪᓗ ᐊᑎᒋ ᓱᕐᕃᓂᕆᒍᓐᓇᑕᖓᓂᒃ ᖃᕆᑕ ᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᑐᓴᕋᑦᓴᖃᕐᕖᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᒍᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ.
ᐃᓚᖏᑦ ᖃᐅ ᔨᒍᒪᓲᒍᒻᒥᔪᑦ ᐅ ᕕᒐᕐᑐᐃᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅ ᑦ ᓴᐳᑦᔨᓯᒪᓪᓚᕆᓐᓂᕋᓲᒍᑦᓱᑎᒃ ᑲᕙᒪᒃᑯᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓕᓐᓂᒃ, ᓱᒧᓪᓕᑕᒐ ᓂᕈ ᐊᕐᓂᑎᒍᑦ ᓵᓚᓐᓃᒪᓲᒍᖕᖏᓚᑦ ᓂᕈ ᐊᕐᑕ ᐅᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᓖᑦ ᑲᕙᒪᒃᑯᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓕᓐᓂᒃ ? ᐊᒥᓲᕗᑦ ᐱᑦᔪᑎᒋᔭ ᐅᕙᑦᑐᑦ ᑕᒪᑐᒧᖓ, ᒪᓐᓇ ᐱᑦᔪᑎᓪᓚᕆ ᐅᓂᕐᐸ ᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐊᑑᑎᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᑐᖓᓕᖓ ᓴᐱᕐᓵᕆᓂ ᐅᑉ ᐅᓇᑕᕐᓂᖃᕐᑐᕕᓂ ᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ World War IIᒥᒃ ᐊᒥ ᐊᔨᑲᒥ ᐅᑦ USSRᑯᓪᓗ. ᐊᑑᑎᔭ ᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᓴᐱᕐᓵᕆᓂᖅ, ᑲᕙᒪᒃᑯᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓖᑦ ᓂᐸᖃᕈᑎᖃᓲᑦ, ᓇᒻᒥᓂᖅ ᖄᖏᕐᓂᑯᓕ ᐅᕋᓱ ᐊᕐᑏᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᓇᓱᑦᑏᑦ ᑲᑐᑦᔨᖃᑎᒌᓐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐃᓚ ᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᑦᔨᒌᑐᐃᓐᓇᒥᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᓂᖃᓪᓚᕆᑦᓯᒪᒻᒪᑕ ᑲᕙᒪᒃᑯᒥᓄᑦ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓂ Western worldᓚᔭ ᐅᔪᒥ ᐃᓚ ᐅᒻᒥᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑲᓇᑕ. ᐊᑑᑎᔭ ᐅᓕᕐᑎᓗᒍ ᓴᐱᕐᓵᕆᓂᖅ, ᐱᖁᔭᓕ ᐅᕐᑐᖃᖃᑦᑕᓕᕐᑐᕕᓂᖅ ᐅᓪᓗᒥᒧᑦ ᐊᑐᕐᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐆᑦᑐᕋ ᐅᑎᒐ ᐱᖁᔭᖅ ᐱᑦᔪᑎᓕᒃ “ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᑭᓂ ᐊᕈᓐᓇᓂᕐᒥᒃ” ᑲᓇᑕᒥ, ᐅᖃ ᐅᓯᑐᐃᓐᓀᑦ ᑎᒍᔭ ᐅᒍᑎ ᐅᒍᓐᓇᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ. ᐆᑦᑐᕋ ᐅᑎᒋᓗᒍ, ᓇ ᐅᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ “ ᐅᖃ ᐅᓯᖃᕐᑐᖅ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᑭᓂ ᐊᕈᓐᓇᓂᕐᒥᒃ” “ᑎᒍᔭ ᐅᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆ ᐊᖃᕐᒪᑦ 14ᓂ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᕐᑐᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᖃᕐᓗᓂ.” (ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᑦ ᑲᕙᒪᖓ). ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᓂᖓ ᐃᓄᖁᑎᓕᒫᒥᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᑦ ᑲᕙᒪᖏᑦᑕ ᓱᒐᓗᓗ ᐊᕐᓯᒪᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᑎᒍᔭ ᐅᖁᔨᓚ ᐅᕐᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐅᓄᕐᑐᒪᕆ ᐊᓗᓐᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᓂᒃ “ᑲᕙᒪᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᓯᕐᓈᕆᔭᓕᓐᓂᒃ” ᐸᕐᓀᕈᑕ ᐅᓯᒪᓂᖓᒍᑦ topsecret PROFUNC plan (CBC). ᐸᕐᓀᕈᑕ ᐅᓯᒪᔪᑎᒍᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᑦ ᑲᕙᒪᖓ ᐃᔨᕐᓯᒪᑦᓱᑎᒃ ᑎᕐᓕ ᐊᓯᖃᑦᑕᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐅᓄᕐᑐᒪᕆᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᖁᑎᒥᓂᒃ ᕿᓂᕐᓱᑎᒃ ᑲᕙᒪᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᓗ ᐊᕐᑐᓂᒃ ᓯᕐᓈᑎᖏᓐᓂᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑲᕙᒪᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᓗ ᐊᕐᑐᓂᒃ ᐱᑕᖃᕈᓐᓀᖁᔨᒧᑦ ᐊᑕ ᐅᓯ ᐊᕐᓗᑎᒃ. ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᑦ ᑲᕙᒪᖓ ᑕᒪᑐᒥᖓ ᑐᑭᓯᒍᑎᒋᓯᒪᔭᒥᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᕐᑐᕕᓂ ᐅᓂ ᐊᖕᖒᕆᔭ ᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑎᒍᓯᒍᑎᒋᓚᖓᓗᒍ ᐊᒥᓱᓂᒃ ᑯᐯᒃᒥ ᐅᓂᒃ ᑌᑦᓱᒪᓂ ᐱᓂ ᐊᕐᓂᖃᓚ ᐅᕐᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ FLQᑯᑦ ᑖᒃᑯ ᐊᓗ ᐱᑐᑦᓯᒪᓂᖃᕐᓂᕋᑎᓪᓗ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕐᑕᖏᓐᓄᑦ FLQ ᑯᑦ (CBC).
ᐃᓱᓕ ᐅᑎᒋᓗᒍ, ᐊᕐᕌᒍᐃᑦ 100ᒍᖕᖏᑐᐃᓪᓗᓃᑦ ᓈᓕᕐᑎᓗᒋᑦ ᑲᕙᒪᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕᐅᓗ ᐊᕐᓂᒥᒃ ᓈᒻᒪᓴᖕᖏᕙᓪᓛᓂᖃᓲᒍᓕᕐᑎᓗᒍ ᑭᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᓕᒫᒃᑯᓂᒃ ᓄᕐᖃᑎᑦᓯᒍᑕᐅᓯᒪᖕᖏᓚᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅ ᑦ ᓈᒻᒪᖁ ᐊᕇᖕᖏᓂᖏᑦᑕ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔭᐅ ᓲᒍᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅ ᑎᒍᑦ. ᐊᔪᒉᑦᑑᖏᓪᓚᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐊᔪᕐᓴᓂᕐᓭᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓴᐳᑦᔨᓯᒪᓂᕐᐸ ᐅᓂᕆᓲᖏᑦᑕ ᑲᕙᒪᒃᑯᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓕᓐᓂᒃ.
ᐱᕙᓪᓕᓯᒪᖕᖏᓂᕐᐸ ᐅᓲᒍᒐᒥᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᐱᔭ ᐅᒍᓐᓇᑐᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᓕᓐᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᑎᒍᑦ ᑐᑭᓯᒪᑦᓱᑎᓪᓗ ᐊᑦᓱᐃᓕᒍᑕ ᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓯ ᐊᒻᒪᑎᑕ ᐅᒋ ᐊᓪᓚᕆ ᐊᖃᕐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᑦᔨᒌᓐᓂᓴᒥᒃ ᐱ ᐅᓕᓐᓂ ᐊᒐᖃᑦᓯ ᐊᓂᕐᓴ ᐅᓂ ᐊᕈᑎᒃ. ᐃᓄᓕᒫᑦ ᐃᓚ ᐅᔪᕕᓃᑦ ᖃ ᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᑎᓐᓄᑦ ᑲᕙᒪᒃᑯᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓕᓐᓂᒃ ᓈᒻᒪᓴᓐᓂᕋᕐᑐᕕᓂ ᐅᒐᓗᐊ ᕐᑎᓗᒋᑦ ᐊ ᔪᒉᑦᑑᖏᓐᓂᕗᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᑦ ᐊᐱᕐᓱᑕᕕᓃᑦ ᐊᒥᓲᓂᕐᓭᑦ ᓴᐳᑦᔨᓯᒪᓂᕋᕐᓂᖏᑦ ᑲᕙᒪᒃᑯᓄᑦ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑮᓇ ᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᑭᑕᒐᓱ ᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᓯᓕᓐᓂᒃ ᐅᕕᒐᕐᑐᐃᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᖃ ᐅᔨᒪᒻᒪᑕ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᒍᔪᖃᕐᓱᓂ ᐃᓅᓯᖃᕐᓇᖏᓐᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᐃᓱ ᐊᕐᑐᑐᐃᓐᓇ ᐅᓂᕐᐹᒥᒃ ᑲᒃᑲᓛᒍᑦᓱᑕ, ᐱ ᐊᕋ ᐅᑦᓱᑕ ᐃᓅᓯᖃᓛᕐᓂ ᐊᓂᕋᕐᑕ ᐅᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᑕ ᐃᓱ ᐊᕐᓂᐹᒥᒃ. ᐅᓪᓗᒥ “ᑲᓇᑕᓕᒫᒥ, ᑕᓪᓕᒪ ᐅᑉᐸᑕ ᓇ ᐅᑐᐃᓐᓀᑦ ᐊᑕ ᐅᓯᖅ ᓇᓪᓕᐊ ᐅᑭ ᐅᓕᓐᓂ 1524ᓂᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᒍᑎᖃᕐᓂᖁᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᒥᒍᑦ ᐊᓯᑦᔨᒍ ᐊᕐᑑᓂᕐᒥᒃ, ᓯᕘᕋᖃᑦᑕᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐋᖓᔮᕋᓱ ᐊᕈᑕ ᐅᓲᓂᓪᓘᓃᑦ ᐊᑐᓗ ᐊᖃᑦᑕᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᑕᕝᕙᓂ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᕐᒥ ᐊᓂᒍᕐᑐᒥ.” (HealthyDebate). ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᓯᑦᔨᑐᐃᓂ ᐅᓲᓂᒃ ᓈᒻᒪᓴᓐᓂᓴ ᐅᓲᒍᒐᓗ ᐊᕐᓱᑎᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᒍᖃᑎᒥᓂᑦ, ᖃ ᐅᔨᒪᓇᓕᑌᓐᓇᕋᔭᕐᖁᖅ ᓴᐳᑦᔨᓯᒪᓂᕐᓴ ᐅᓂᖅ ᓇᑭᑦ ᐱᓯᒪᒻᒪᖔᑦ ᐊᑦᔨᒌᑦᑎᓯᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᐱ ᐅᓯᖃᕐᕕ ᐅᓂᕐᒥᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᒍᑦᓱᑕ. ᒪᓕᑐᐃᓐᓇᓚᖓᕕᑖ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᑦᑐᑎᒍᑦ ᐊ ᑦᓱᐃᑐᖕᖑᕈᑎᑦᓴᕆᓲᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊ ᐅᓚᑕ ᐅᓂᕐᔪᐊ ᒦᑐᐃᓐᓇᓯᒻᒥᓗᑎᒃ, ᐅᕝᕙᓘ ᐃᒻᒥᒎᕆᐊ ᑦᓯᐊ ᖔᓚᖓᕕᑕ ᐊ ᑦᔨᒌᑦᑎᓯᓂᖃᑦᓯᐊ ᓂᕐᓴᒦᒍᒪᓗᑕ ᐃᓱᒣᓐᓇᕿᕕᐅᒍᓐᓇᓯ ᐊᕐᓂᓴᒦᒍᒪᓗᑕᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ?
ᖃᐅᔨᒋᐊᕐᕕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ:
– CBC. “Secret Cold War plan included mass detentions”. CBC. 2010. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/secret-cold-war-plan-included-mass-detentions-1.962421?ref=r ss
– Dalhousie University. “Canada’s Food Price Report 2025”. Dalhousie University. 2025. https://www.dal.ca/sites/agri-food/research/canada-s-food-price-report-2025.html
– Government of Canada. “Offences Against Public Order (continued)”. Government of Canada. 2025. https://laws-lois. justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/c-46/page-7.html#docCont
– Humes, Kim. “Canada’s Food Price Report 2026 predicts families will spend up to $994 more on food next year”. Dalhousie University News. 2025. https://www.dal.ca/news/2025/12/04/canada-food-price-report-2026. html#:~:text=Canada’s%20Food%20 Price%20 Report%202026%20forecasts%20that%20overall%20food%20 pricesthey%20were%20five%20years%20ago.
– De Coeur, Trisha. Rawes, Christopher. Warecki, Patricia. “Challenge and Change”. McGraw-Hill Ryerson. 2012
– Solovieva, Maria. “Canada’s Consumer Story Isn’t a Big Spender Tale”. TD Economics. 2025. https://economics.td.com/ca-consumer-story-is-not-a-big-spender-tale
– Statistics Canada. “Canadian Income Survey, 2022”. Statistics Canada. 2022. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/240426/dq240426a-eng.htm
– Statistics Canada. “Income statistics by Indigenous identity and residence by Indigenous geography: Canada, provinces and territories”. Statistics Canada. 2022. https://www150. statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810028101&pickMembers%5B0%5D=1.1&pickMembers%5B1%5D=2.1&pickMembers%5B2%5D=3.5&pickMembers%5B3%5D=4.1&pickMembers% 5B4%5D=5.1&pickMembers%5B5%5D=6.1
ᑕᕐᕋᓕᒃ ᑭᒥᕐᕈᐊᓅᕐᑕᐅᔪᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊᓯᖏᑦ ᐃᓕᓵᑦ ᐊᑐᐊᕋᑦᓴᓕᐅᕈᓐᓇᖁᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᓗᑎᒃ ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᕗᖓ communications@makivvik.org
